It must be borne in mind that bronchopulmonary complications in MM more often develop on the background of neutropenia. With neutropenia, the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia has a number of features. The decrease in the number of neutrophils significantly aggravates the immune response of the body already significantly suppressed by the tumor process . Often this does not allow the development of characteristic clinical manifestations, coughing and auscultatory wheezing develop several times less, and the results of X-ray examination of patients during this period can be negative, which makes it difficult to diagnose in time. . G.A. Klyasova (2008) recommends performing a computed tomography of the lungs in the presence of fever during neutropenia, regardless of the auscultatory picture and without prior radiography. Hyperthermia is often the only sign of an infectious process sufficient to prescribe adequate antibiotic therapy . According to the criteria of the American Society for Infectious Diseases, the term “febrile neutropenia” is used, which means that the body temperature rises above 38 ° C at least twice a day or a one-time temperature increase above 38.3 ° C in patients with a neutrophil content of less than 1000 per day. µl blood.

V.V. Ptushkin et al. (1998) identify the following features of the etiology of infection in patients with febrile neutropenia: 1) increased infection with gram-positive cocci and reduced detection of gram-negative bacteria, 2) increased frequency of systemic mycoses, 3) increased frequency of viral superinfection.