A high incidence of AML is observed in persons living in areas of high latitudes. In the Amur region, NZL are characterized by a more severe and protracted course. In the structure of morbidity in the Amur region, among respiratory diseases, pneumonia occupies a special place, a high level of the disease was noted in most regions of the region. Severe AML in the high latitudes contributes to the formation of pulmonary and cardiac insufficiency in these patients. This is due to many factors, primarily, the climatic and geographical conditions of the Amur region and the influence of low temperatures on the human immunological reactivity. Low temperature and high relative humidity of the air contributes to the formation of airway hyperresponsiveness in the population living in these climatic conditions. Because of this, a large role is played by methods of detecting premorbid conditions of chronic nonspecific lung diseases.

The occurrence and protracted course of infectious diseases of the respiratory tract is also promoted by the increase in paratracheal and bronchopulmonary lymph nodes in most CLL patients, which disturb the drainage function of the bronchi, ventilation and blood circulation in the lungs. For the most part, peripheral lymph nodes are larger than the intrathoracic, but reverse relationships can also occur. The severity of mediastinal lymphadenopathy depends on the stage of development of the tumor process.

Lymphadenopathy in patients with CLL is mainly peripheral. In this case, for the first time, patients come to a doctor for the first time. Only a few of them at this time radiographically determine the increase in mediastinal lymph nodes. Later, in the advanced stage of the disease, mediastinal lymphadenopathy is detected in more than half of the patients, sometimes reaching considerable sizes. Hyperplasia of the intrathoracic lymph nodes is observed in 63.9% of cases, at autopsy – in 73% of cases. However, even with a significant increase in lymphoid organs, the development of a compression syndrome is not characteristic of the classical course of CLL.